Every business operating in Egypt, whether a newly formed startup, a foreign investor entering the market, or an established enterprise managing governance obligations operates within a complex web of legal, regulatory, and administrative requirements. Managing these obligations is not optional. And managing them poorly carries real consequences: penalties, delays, reputational risk, and in some cases, loss of operating licenses. Corporate affairs is the discipline that gover

Highlights ✔ Egypt launched the second edition of the State Ownership Policy (2026–2030) ✔ The government aims to expand private sector participation across key sectors ✔ More state-owned assets may be restructured, offered, or partially exited ✔ Stronger governance and fair competition measures are being implemented ✔ New opportunities are emerging for investors, businesses, and strategic partners A Major Shift in Egypt’s Business Environment Egypt is moving into a new phase

Egypt’s Ministry of Finance has introduced a major package of real estate tax reforms aimed at modernizing compliance, easing taxpayer burdens, and accelerating digital transformation across the property sector. The reforms, announced by Finance Minister Ahmed Kouchouk , represent one of the most significant updates to Egypt’s real estate tax framework in recent years. For property owners, investors, developers, and tax advisors, these changes introduce both immediate relief

The tax landscape across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) has undergone significant transformation in recent years. Governments across the region have introduced Value Added Tax (VAT), Corporate Tax, Economic Substance Regulations, Transfer Pricing requirements, and enhanced reporting obligations to diversify revenue sources and align with international tax standards. As regulatory frameworks continue to evolve, businesses of all sizes—from multinational enterprises to

For decades, Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have successfully attracted foreign investment through a combination of strategic location, world-class infrastructure, business-friendly regulations, and attractive tax incentives. Today, the global investment landscape is entering a new phase. The implementation of the OECD’s Pillar Two rules and the 15% Global Minimum Tax is changing how multinational enterprises evaluate investment destinations, while tax efficiency re

New measures aim to simplify compliance, accelerate services, and enhance the investment environment. Recent tax and customs developments underscore Egypt’s continued focus on administrative modernization, taxpayer support, and economic competitiveness. Executive Summary Egypt continues to advance a broad tax and customs modernization agenda focused on improving taxpayer services, streamlining compliance procedures, expanding digital solutions, and enhancing the overall busin

Saudi Arabia & Middle East 2026: the region’s next phase of investment, tax transformation, and strategic growth Executive Highlights Saudi Arabia continues accelerating Vision 2030 reforms through major tax, investment, and regulatory developments. ZATCA is expanding digital tax integration and e-invoicing compliance requirements across businesses operating in the Kingdom. Regional M&A activity reached approximately 635 completed transactions in 2025, reflecting stronger inv

The introduction of advanced data analytics and cloud-based verification systems in Egypt is reshaping the role of corporate accounting firms in Cairo. For modern accounting firms in Cairo, this shift is not simply about reviewing historical ledger books or executing standard checklists. It reflects a deeper transformation in how financial truth is validated, evaluated, and leveraged for stakeholder trust. As Egypt continues to advance its digital economy and corporate oversi

The rapid evolution of financial reporting standards and digital tax systems in Egypt is reshaping the role of corporate accounting firms in Cairo. For modern accounting firms in Cairo, this shift is not simply about bookkeeping or statutory reporting. It reflects a deeper transformation in how financial data is recorded, processed, validated, and used for strategic decision-making. As Egypt continues to advance its digital economy and tax infrastructure, corporate accounting

Key Insights from the Updated FTA Guide (VATGRH1 – April 2026) The UAE FTA Clarifies the VAT Refund Framework for New Residential Construction The UAE Federal Tax Authority (FTA) has issued an updated version of the VAT Guide (VATGRH1) relating to the VAT refund scheme available for UAE nationals building new private residences. The revised guidance provides greater clarity around: Eligibility requirements Qualifying and non-qualifying construction costs Documentation stand

Electronic Invoicing Transformation in Egypt: Strategic Implications for Corporate Legal Firms in Cairo The introduction and expansion of electronic invoicing systems in Egypt marks one of the most significant transformations in the country’s tax administration and digital compliance framework. For corporate legal firms in Cairo, this shift represents far more than a regulatory update. It is a fundamental redesign of how transactions are documented, validated, and reported

Egypt Tax Update – Second Facilitation Package Executive Summary • Introduction of 33 measures focused on incentives and simplification • Low-cost financing and simplified systems for SMEs and new entrants • Extension of dispute settlement until December 31, 2026 • Faster VAT refunds and improved liquidity measures • Relief on dividends taxation and capital market incentives • Expansion of digital tax systems and services • Introduction of a temporary tax card for faster busi

As Egypt continues to strengthen its position as a regional hub for investment and entrepreneurship, businesses operating in the country must navigate an increasingly sophisticated legal and regulatory environment. From company incorporation to corporate restructuring and compliance, having access to reliable corporate legal support is essential for long-term stability and growth. For both international investors entering the Egyptian market and local entrepreneurs expanding

The UAE’s introduction of Electronic Invoicing marks one of the most significant transformations in its tax and digital infrastructure. This is not merely a compliance requirement, it is a fundamental redesign of how transactions are recorded, validated, and reported . According to the official UAE Electronic Invoicing Guidelines, the system will apply broadly to all businesses conducting activities in the UAE , regardless of VAT registration status. What Is Changing? The

Tax Planning in Egypt: Strategies for Compliance, Efficiency, and Sustainable Growth Tax planning has become an essential part of corporate financial management. Businesses operating in Egypt must navigate a complex tax framework that includes corporate income tax, value-added tax (VAT), payroll taxes, and withholding obligations. Without strategic planning, companies may face unnecessary tax exposure, compliance risks, and financial inefficiencies. Effective tax planning goe

Why strong governance is becoming a decisive factor in business success? Startups and growth-stage companies are reshaping industries at an unprecedented pace, innovation cycles are shortening, digital disruption is accelerating, and capital is flowing rapidly toward companies with scalable ideas, yet, despite strong market demand and investor interest, many promising businesses fail before reaching maturity. The reason is rarely the idea, more often, failure stems from gaps

Tax Due Diligence in Egypt: What to Review, When to Start, and How to Avoid Common Pitfalls As the Egyptian market continues to attract significant regional and international investment, the importance of robust Tax Due Diligence (TDD) has never been higher. Whether you are an investor eyeing a local startup, a corporation planning a merger, or a seller preparing for an exit, understanding the underlying tax health of a business is the cornerstone of a successful transaction.

When the UAE introduced Corporate Tax, many business owners reacted with one assumption: “Now every company must pay 9% tax.” But that assumption is not entirely accurate. And surprisingly, this misunderstanding is still very common across the market. In conversations with companies operating across the UAE, from startups and SMEs to multinational groups, we continue to see businesses relying on incorrect assumptions about how the Corporate Tax system actually works. Understa

Cairo’s auditing landscape is entering a defining chapter. As Egypt’s capital drives forward with economic reforms, technological integration, and heightened regulatory expectations, audit firms in Cairo have become essential guardians of financial transparency and corporate trust. From digital reporting mandates to global compliance pressures, businesses across Cairo now rely on advanced audit partners capable of blending technical precision with modern analytics. Today’s to

Kozman & Co. | SBC Global , is pleased to provide a strategic overview of Egypt’s Startups Charter, executive summary , a landmark government framework designed to reshape Egypt’s entrepreneurial ecosystem over the next five years. Developed under the supervision of the Ministerial Group for Entrepreneurship, the Charter is an execution-oriented roadmap aimed at enabling up to 5,000 startups , generating 500,000 direct and indirect jobs , and attracting USD 5 billio